Remarque, Erich Maria (1898-1970), German American novelist, born in Osnabrück, Germany, and educated at the University of Münster. He served in the German army during World War I. He set down his recollections of his war service in All Quiet on the Western Front (1929; trans. 1929). This grimly realistic work, depicting with relentless clarity and warm compassion the sufferings, courage, and comradeship of the common soldiers, and embodying a bitter condemnation of militarism, became one of the most widely read novels of all time. Three film versions of the book were made. In a sequel, The Road Back (1931; trans. 1931), Remarque presented a vivid picture of postwar Germany. An opponent of National Socialism, he left Germany in 1932 and went to the United States in 1939; he became a U.S. citizen in 1947. His other books include Arch of Triumph (1946; trans. 1946), A Time to Live and a Time to Die (1954; trans. 1954), and The Night in Lisbon (1962; trans. 1964).